monitor-config-manager: Handle multiple builtin panels gracefully

While multiple built-in panels isn't actually supported in any
meaningful manner, if we would ever end up with such a situation, e.g.
due to kernel bugs[0], we shouldn't crash when trying to set an
'external only' without any external monitors.

While we could handle this with more degraded functionality (e.g. don't
support the 'switch' method of monitor configuration at all), handle it
by simply not trying to switch to external-only when there are no,
according to the kernel, external monitors available. This would e.g.
still allow betwene 'mirror-all', and 'linear' switches.

The crash itself was disguised as an arbitrary X11 BadValue error, due
to mutter trying to resize the root window to 0x0, as the monitor
configuration that was applied consisted of zero logical monitors, thus
was effectively empty.

[0] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1896904

Related: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1899260
Part-of: <https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/mutter/-/merge_requests/1607>

src/backends/meta-monitor-config-manager.c

@@ -1225,6 +1225,9 @@ create_for_switch_config_external (MetaMonitorConfigManager *config_manager)
       x += logical_monitor_config->layout.width;
     }
 
+  if (!logical_monitor_configs)
+    return NULL;
+
   monitors_config = meta_monitors_config_new (monitor_manager,
                                               logical_monitor_configs,
                                               layout_mode,

src/tests/monitor-unit-tests.c

@@ -2506,6 +2506,150 @@ meta_test_monitor_non_upright_panel (void)
   check_monitor_test_clients_state ();
 }
 
+static void
+meta_test_monitor_switch_external_without_external (void)
+{
+  MonitorTestCase test_case = {
+    .setup = {
+      .modes = {
+        {
+          .width = 1024,
+          .height = 768,
+          .refresh_rate = 60.0
+        }
+      },
+      .n_modes = 1,
+      .outputs = {
+        {
+          .crtc = 0,
+          .modes = { 0 },
+          .n_modes = 1,
+          .preferred_mode = 0,
+          .possible_crtcs = { 0 },
+          .n_possible_crtcs = 1,
+          .width_mm = 222,
+          .height_mm = 125,
+          .is_laptop_panel = TRUE
+        },
+        {
+          .crtc = 1,
+          .modes = { 0 },
+          .n_modes = 1,
+          .preferred_mode = 0,
+          .possible_crtcs = { 1 },
+          .n_possible_crtcs = 1,
+          .width_mm = 222,
+          .height_mm = 125,
+          .is_laptop_panel = TRUE
+        }
+      },
+      .n_outputs = 2,
+      .crtcs = {
+        {
+          .current_mode = 0
+        },
+        {
+          .current_mode = 0
+        }
+      },
+      .n_crtcs = 2
+    },
+
+    .expect = {
+      .monitors = {
+        {
+          .outputs = { 0 },
+          .n_outputs = 1,
+          .modes = {
+            {
+              .width = 1024,
+              .height = 768,
+              .refresh_rate = 60.0,
+              .crtc_modes = {
+                {
+                  .output = 0,
+                  .crtc_mode = 0
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          .n_modes = 1,
+          .current_mode = 0,
+          .width_mm = 222,
+          .height_mm = 125
+        },
+        {
+          .outputs = { 1 },
+          .n_outputs = 1,
+          .modes = {
+            {
+              .width = 1024,
+              .height = 768,
+              .refresh_rate = 60.0,
+              .crtc_modes = {
+                {
+                  .output = 1,
+                  .crtc_mode = 0
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          .n_modes = 1,
+          .current_mode = 0,
+          .width_mm = 222,
+          .height_mm = 125
+        }
+      },
+      .n_monitors = 2,
+      .logical_monitors = {
+        {
+          .monitors = { 0 },
+          .n_monitors = 1,
+          .layout = { .x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1024, .height = 768 },
+          .scale = 1
+        },
+        {
+          .monitors = { 1 },
+          .n_monitors = 1,
+          .layout = { .x = 1024, .y = 0, .width = 1024, .height = 768 },
+          .scale = 1
+        }
+      },
+      .n_logical_monitors = 2,
+      .primary_logical_monitor = 0,
+      .n_outputs = 2,
+      .crtcs = {
+        {
+          .current_mode = 0,
+        },
+        {
+          .current_mode = 0,
+          .x = 1024,
+        },
+      },
+      .n_crtcs = 2,
+      .n_tiled_monitors = 0,
+      .screen_width = 2048,
+      .screen_height = 768
+    }
+  };
+  MetaMonitorTestSetup *test_setup;
+  MetaBackend *backend = meta_get_backend ();
+  MetaMonitorManager *monitor_manager =
+    meta_backend_get_monitor_manager (backend);
+
+  test_setup = create_monitor_test_setup (&test_case.setup,
+                                          MONITOR_TEST_FLAG_NO_STORED);
+  emulate_hotplug (test_setup);
+  check_monitor_configuration (&test_case.expect);
+
+  meta_monitor_manager_switch_config (monitor_manager,
+                                      META_MONITOR_SWITCH_CONFIG_EXTERNAL);
+  check_monitor_configuration (&test_case.expect);
+
+  check_monitor_test_clients_state ();
+}
+
 static void
 meta_test_monitor_custom_vertical_config (void)
 {
@@ -5654,6 +5798,8 @@ init_monitor_tests (void)
                     meta_test_monitor_preferred_non_first_mode);
   add_monitor_test ("/backends/monitor/non-upright-panel",
                     meta_test_monitor_non_upright_panel);
+  add_monitor_test ("/backends/monitor/switch-external-without-external",
+                    meta_test_monitor_switch_external_without_external);
 
   add_monitor_test ("/backends/monitor/custom/vertical-config",
                     meta_test_monitor_custom_vertical_config);